BASIS operation and maintenance guarantee
• Establish a BASIS rapid response mechanism. Through the VIP customer service hotline and email, expert BASIS consultants provide 7x24-hour technical support hotline, 2-hour remote VPN connection and 4-hour on-site rapid maintenance services.
• Strengthen the security system of the SAP system, focusing on SAP system backup/recovery, and help customers develop a 4-layer backup architecture (hardware layer, operating system layer, database layer and SAP application layer) to maximize disaster resistance and improve disaster recovery. operability and timeliness.
• Strengthen daily SAP system management, analyze and predict performance trends? Daily BASIS maintenance has the largest workload, the most time-consuming, and the most boring work in the entire system maintenance. However, the quality of daily standardized operations and system monitoring will directly affect the efficiency and stability of SAP system operation, and only by handling small problems correctly and timely on a daily basis can major problems be prevented. In addition, the trend analysis of system performance requires long-term testing, so strengthening daily maintenance is the key.
• Improve the management and monitoring system, standardize operating procedures. For SAP system management and maintenance, define complete operating specifications and management systems and strictly check and implement them, such as Basis daily checklist (see the example in the attachment), Client assignment and development role definition , Change request transmission approval and testing process, and computer room management system (fire prevention, flood, lightning, etc.).
Introduction
For sap basis, it is a role engaged in SAP system management, mainly responsible for the planning, installation, configuration, management, monitoring, maintenance, tuning, etc. of the SAP system. SAP basis can be divided into implementation and operation and maintenance from the perspective of specific work content. Implementation focuses on planning, installation, configuration, etc., while operation and maintenance focuses on management, maintenance, monitoring, etc.
Responsibilities
SAP basis needs to understand os, db, sap, hardware and network and other related knowledge in order to better perform its duties. The sap standard documents that should be studied on sap basis include: ADM100, adm100, adm102, adm105, adm106, adm200, bc315, adm325, adm326, adm505, bc660, adm940, etc.
?
Precautions
1. Don't forget to press Enter after exporting the data.
2. Your source data cannot contain items that do not need to be imported.
3. English abbreviations should be used when defining data names, and other words cannot be used.
4. Common transaction code Pfcg role maintenance
5.Su53 View permission object st01 tracking
6.St22 Look at the dump to analyze errors, eg. Find where the ABAP program went wrong, find out the mechanism, use se37 to view the found mechanism, and find out the relevant authority check (authority
check), find the object, add the object in pfcg and grant permissions
7. /h debug
8. su01 creates user ID, TMSADM user cannot be locked, it is the default transmission user of the system, SAPSYS is also a system user, cannot be locked
9.se09/se10 View and release the change request. (workbench indicates that it has nothing to do with the group, and only needs to be transmitted once; customizing indicates that it is related to the group, and needs to be transmitted to each
group)
10.Spad configures the printing method and printing format. Its configuration is cross-group (the printing methods are divided into three types: local, remote, and front end. The configuration of local is more complicated, which means
The printer is connected to the server, all drivers are installed on the server, and then the server connects to the PC; remote means that the server is connected to the printer server, and the printer server then
Connected to the pc through the server; front end configuration is more convenient, it means that the server is connected to the pc, the pc is connected to the printer, and it is set as the default printer).
Clinet operation
1. scc4 background
2scc5 delete select "Delete entry from T000"
3 These four clients are system clients, 066 is used for earlywatch
4.sm02 Send instant message to everyone
5.sm59 set SFC connection
6.se61------Create or modify general text, that is, regular text: zlogin_screen_info-----You can use @xx@ method to reference an icon at the beginning of the line (where xx is a number, you can check it by running report rstxicon in se38 to all icons), the text information can be up to 16 lines, each line has 45 characters.
7. So01 mailbox
8.sm04 can check who is doing what and can kick people. It can only see one machine.
9.al08 Check how many people are logged in. Session_manage means that the user is logged in and has done nothing. It can see two machines. If you want to log in to another machine, you can use sm51 to transfer to another machine.
10.os01 View online machine name
11. Select public in oss1 to enter the sap service area, which can be used to send messages or apply for license key S password I753A556
12.sm50/sm51 can view the process, sm50 can view the current machine, and sm51 can view two machines.
13.suim permission comparison eg finds which roles have the spro transaction code
14.rz10 edit system parameter file
rdisp/gui_auto_logout & rdisp/keepalive are used to control idle time (seconds)
Login/system_client is used to control the default login client number (000-999)
Login/fails_to_user_lock is used to control the number of times the wrong password is locked (1-99)
15.se43 Customize the sap standard menu items displayed in the user's main menu
Su01-----Default----startmenu-----Regional menu (fill in the customized menu)
Pfcg-----Find common role-----Add tcode----From the scope menu (fill in the customized menu)
16.se56 Check what objects and object values your ID has.
17.su10 can modify users in batches. It can also be entered through the menu "Batch Modification" of su01.
18.su02 Edit the parameter file of user permissions
19. su21 build object
20.su20/su22 view permission objects from different angles
21. Sale build logic system eg. P34CLNT800
22.db13 data backup
23.db02 database table and index monitoring
24.db12 data backup log
25. sapdba database management tool
26.sm36 defines background jobs (standard jobs-------default plan)
27.sm37 View background jobs
28.sp01 View the print queue and clear the spool request
29.Spad chooses full management, first define the "page format", then assign the format type, and then assign the device type (CNSAPWIN)
30.smlg defines the group login method. If you find that the machine cannot automatically allocate resources or there is an error in allocating resources, you can delete it in it.
A machine can be solved by adding it to it. Press F5 in it to check the machine response time. If it is less than 1000ms,
Inside means normal.
view system log
In the os06 operating system monitor, the CPU usage is normally within 30%. 30%~70% may indicate that it is very slow. If there is no system information, you need to execute the following command in AIX:
ps –ef|grep saposcol (view the sap operating system collector process)
cd /usr/sap/P34/SYS/exe/run (note the capital letters in this line)
./saposcol (./ means run)
st02 monitors the buffer and looks at the hit rate (hitratio). If the swap error value is greater than 1000, you need to use rz10 to adjust the parameters. It is best to change only one parameter at a time. After the change is completed, restart sap to make the parameters effective. There is a parameter file in usr/sap/P34/SYS/profile. You can back up the parameter file before changing the parameters. The specific command is as follows cp xxx yyy. When restoring the parameter file, you only need to copy the backup parameter file back to the original parameter file name. That's it. The yyy here includes: DEFAULT.PFL P34_DVEBMGS00_p34dbsvc P34_D01_p34apsvc START_D01_p34apsvc START_DVEBMGS00_p34dbsvc
The file owners in the ls -l system are as follows:
-rwxrwxr-x 1 p34adm sapsys 2919 Sep 26 10:09 DEFAULT.BAK
-rwxrwxr-x 1 p34adm sapsys 2919 Sep 26 14:03 DEFAULT.PFL
-rwxrwxr-x 1 root system 466 Aug 08 15:55 DEFAULT.PFL.0
-rwxrwxr-x 1 p34adm sapsys 8940 Sep 26 12:29 P34_D01_p34apsvc
-rwxrwxr-x 1 p34adm sapsys 8940 Sep 26 09:56 P34_D01_p34apsvc.BAK
-rwxrwxr-x 1 p34adm sapsys 1013 Aug 08 15:55 P34_D01_p34apsvc.bak
-rwxrwxr-x 1 p34adm sapsys 5304 Sep 26 14:02 P34_DVEBMGS00_p34dbsvc
-rwxrwxr-x 1 p34adm sapsys 5014 Sep 26 09:45 P34_DVEBMGS00_p34dbsvc.
BAK
-rwxrwxr-x 1 p34adm sapsys 1891 Sep 01 12:47 START_D01_p34apsvc
-rwxrwxr-x 1 p34adm sapsys 2669 Sep 01 12:47 START_DVEBMGS00_p34dbsv
c
p34db:p34adm> cd ..
p34db:p34adm> ls
exe gen global profile profile.bck src (the red one is the full backup of the profile, the blue one is useless, it is brought over from the original d00 system, the uppercase bak file is automatically backed up by the system, but it only retains the last one Save the previous results, so do not save multiple times after modifying the parameters. Change all the changes and save them all at once. When restoring the parameters, you must log in as the p34adm user to avoid the file owner changing and causing sap to fail to start.) Use cp –R profile .bck.2005.9.27 profile (restore the parameter file)
st04 view the database log (go to ------ database log)
oracle/P34/saparch to see the arch file
sm13 checks whether the update is valid, just look at the words "update is valid" in the middle
sm12 checks the locked entry and can be used to unlock it. For example, if the user locks the entry and disconnects from the network, and other people cannot use it, it needs to be unlocked.
st03n can view some system information. Anything ending with "n" is a transaction code developed by SAP later. It is used to analyze some system information of SAP and check whether the response time exceeds 2000ms. If it exceeds, other means need to be used for analysis. Why is it so slow? For example, sm37 looks at background jobs, sm50 looks at processes, sapdba or db02 looks at whether the tablespace is full. If you use db02, you need to refresh it, otherwise it may not be real-time data, but sapdba is real-time data. Sm21 looks at the system log, st22 looks at dump.
Sm19 track users Sm20 view users' detailed actions Stat roughly view users' actions
data import
Use scat for data import:
When the system is launched or tested, a large amount of master data needs to be imported. There are many ways to import large amounts of data in batches in SAP, here is the method of using scat to import data. The following uses the import of statistical indicator data as an example for detailed description.
Use the scat transaction code to enter the computer aided testing tool screen, and create a new test item in the test situation column. The name of the test item should start with z, such as ztest. After entering the name, press the leftmost "TCD" button on the toolbar to start recording the transaction. First, enter the transaction code kk01 to be recorded in the pop-up window, and press Enter to enter the statistical indicator maintenance interface. Next, enter the statistical indicator code, statistical indicator name, and measurement unit according to the operation of maintaining statistical indicators. Finally, press Save to complete the transaction record and return to the scat transaction interface.
Press Save on the scat transaction interface, and the interface for selecting the development class will pop up. Select "Local Object" to complete the creation of the ztest test project. Return to the initial screen of scat, and at this point, there should be a test project you just created in the list of test events. Select it, press the "Change" button on the toolbar, then double-click the kk01 item in the menu, and then double-click the "SAPLOKSK" item. At this time, the input statistical indicator coding window will open, and the cursor will stay in the coding column, and then click The "insert import parameter" button on the toolbar creates a &STAGR parameter. Then press the next page on the toolbar to make the current mark stay at In the name column, as above, click the "insert import parameter" button on the toolbar to create &BEZEI parameters. Then the cursor will automatically move to the meter column, and similarly, the &MSEHI parameter will be generated. Press the Back button to return to the previous screen, then press Save to complete the parameter creation. Return to the initial screen, with the ztest test project selected, select "Go" - "Variation" - "Output Default" in the menu to generate a ztest.txt file. Open the ztest.txt file, the content is as follows: [variable identification] [variant text]STAGRBEZEIMSEHI
·-->Parameter texts statistical indicator name statistical key number unit
·-->Default value Y02y02H
·*** Changes to the default values displayed above not effective
After adding the data to be imported, the format is as follows:
[variable identifier][variant text]STAGRBEZEIMSEHI
-->Parameter texts statistical indicator name statistical key number unit
-->Default value Y02y02H
*** Changes to the default values displayed above not effective
Y03y03H
Y04y04H
Y03 and Y04 are statistical indicators that need to be imported. All spaces in the file are separated by tabs. After sorting out the format of the imported data, you can import the data. Enter the scat transaction, run the ztest test project, select "from outside the file" for the variant, and select the organized ztest.txt file. You can choose "frontend" or "backend" as the processing method. It is best to choose the frontend method for the first time, which makes debugging easier. Finally, press the Run button on the toolbar.
1.4. When I apply for the LICENSE KEY in the service for the R3 License, it says that I don’t have enough permissions (if I use the UID of the certification consultant). I have the R/3 DELIVERY NOTE (that comes with the installation system), which has INSTALL NUMBER and CUSTOM/ORDER/DELIVERY NO, etc. which are useful. Who else generally has such authority? You can see who has this authority TAILEI in ADMINSTRATOR. Where can I see ADMINSTRATOR? How is ADMINSTRATOR generally authorized? Doesn’t it come with the installation software?
no. Your authorization is not valid for any installation of your company. Please contact your administrator. When you encounter this message https://websmp102./LICENSEKEY, go in and click System Administrator in your company. Then you will know who is the administrator.
• Strengthen the security system of the SAP system, focusing on SAP system backup/recovery, and help customers develop a 4-layer backup architecture (hardware layer, operating system layer, database layer and SAP application layer) to maximize disaster resistance and improve disaster recovery. operability and timeliness.
• Strengthen daily SAP system management, analyze and predict performance trends? Daily BASIS maintenance has the largest workload, the most time-consuming, and the most boring work in the entire system maintenance. However, the quality of daily standardized operations and system monitoring will directly affect the efficiency and stability of SAP system operation, and only by handling small problems correctly and timely on a daily basis can major problems be prevented. In addition, the trend analysis of system performance requires long-term testing, so strengthening daily maintenance is the key.
• Improve the management and monitoring system, standardize operating procedures. For SAP system management and maintenance, define complete operating specifications and management systems and strictly check and implement them, such as Basis daily checklist (see the example in the attachment), Client assignment and development role definition , Change request transmission approval and testing process, and computer room management system (fire prevention, flood, lightning, etc.).
Introduction
For sap basis, it is a role engaged in SAP system management, mainly responsible for the planning, installation, configuration, management, monitoring, maintenance, tuning, etc. of the SAP system. SAP basis can be divided into implementation and operation and maintenance from the perspective of specific work content. Implementation focuses on planning, installation, configuration, etc., while operation and maintenance focuses on management, maintenance, monitoring, etc.
Responsibilities
SAP basis needs to understand os, db, sap, hardware and network and other related knowledge in order to better perform its duties. The sap standard documents that should be studied on sap basis include: ADM100, adm100, adm102, adm105, adm106, adm200, bc315, adm325, adm326, adm505, bc660, adm940, etc.
?
Precautions
1. Don't forget to press Enter after exporting the data.
2. Your source data cannot contain items that do not need to be imported.
3. English abbreviations should be used when defining data names, and other words cannot be used.
4. Common transaction code Pfcg role maintenance
5.Su53 View permission object st01 tracking
6.St22 Look at the dump to analyze errors, eg. Find where the ABAP program went wrong, find out the mechanism, use se37 to view the found mechanism, and find out the relevant authority check (authority
check), find the object, add the object in pfcg and grant permissions
7. /h debug
8. su01 creates user ID, TMSADM user cannot be locked, it is the default transmission user of the system, SAPSYS is also a system user, cannot be locked
9.se09/se10 View and release the change request. (workbench indicates that it has nothing to do with the group, and only needs to be transmitted once; customizing indicates that it is related to the group, and needs to be transmitted to each
group)
10.Spad configures the printing method and printing format. Its configuration is cross-group (the printing methods are divided into three types: local, remote, and front end. The configuration of local is more complicated, which means
The printer is connected to the server, all drivers are installed on the server, and then the server connects to the PC; remote means that the server is connected to the printer server, and the printer server then
Connected to the pc through the server; front end configuration is more convenient, it means that the server is connected to the pc, the pc is connected to the printer, and it is set as the default printer).
Clinet operation
1. scc4 background
2scc5 delete select "Delete entry from T000"
3 These four clients are system clients, 066 is used for earlywatch
4.sm02 Send instant message to everyone
5.sm59 set SFC connection
6.se61------Create or modify general text, that is, regular text: zlogin_screen_info-----You can use @xx@ method to reference an icon at the beginning of the line (where xx is a number, you can check it by running report rstxicon in se38 to all icons), the text information can be up to 16 lines, each line has 45 characters.
7. So01 mailbox
8.sm04 can check who is doing what and can kick people. It can only see one machine.
9.al08 Check how many people are logged in. Session_manage means that the user is logged in and has done nothing. It can see two machines. If you want to log in to another machine, you can use sm51 to transfer to another machine.
10.os01 View online machine name
11. Select public in oss1 to enter the sap service area, which can be used to send messages or apply for license key S password I753A556
12.sm50/sm51 can view the process, sm50 can view the current machine, and sm51 can view two machines.
13.suim permission comparison eg finds which roles have the spro transaction code
14.rz10 edit system parameter file
rdisp/gui_auto_logout & rdisp/keepalive are used to control idle time (seconds)
Login/system_client is used to control the default login client number (000-999)
Login/fails_to_user_lock is used to control the number of times the wrong password is locked (1-99)
15.se43 Customize the sap standard menu items displayed in the user's main menu
Su01-----Default----startmenu-----Regional menu (fill in the customized menu)
Pfcg-----Find common role-----Add tcode----From the scope menu (fill in the customized menu)
16.se56 Check what objects and object values your ID has.
17.su10 can modify users in batches. It can also be entered through the menu "Batch Modification" of su01.
18.su02 Edit the parameter file of user permissions
19. su21 build object
20.su20/su22 view permission objects from different angles
21. Sale build logic system eg. P34CLNT800
22.db13 data backup
23.db02 database table and index monitoring
24.db12 data backup log
25. sapdba database management tool
26.sm36 defines background jobs (standard jobs-------default plan)
27.sm37 View background jobs
28.sp01 View the print queue and clear the spool request
29.Spad chooses full management, first define the "page format", then assign the format type, and then assign the device type (CNSAPWIN)
30.smlg defines the group login method. If you find that the machine cannot automatically allocate resources or there is an error in allocating resources, you can delete it in it.
A machine can be solved by adding it to it. Press F5 in it to check the machine response time. If it is less than 1000ms,
Inside means normal.
view system log
In the os06 operating system monitor, the CPU usage is normally within 30%. 30%~70% may indicate that it is very slow. If there is no system information, you need to execute the following command in AIX:
ps –ef|grep saposcol (view the sap operating system collector process)
cd /usr/sap/P34/SYS/exe/run (note the capital letters in this line)
./saposcol (./ means run)
st02 monitors the buffer and looks at the hit rate (hitratio). If the swap error value is greater than 1000, you need to use rz10 to adjust the parameters. It is best to change only one parameter at a time. After the change is completed, restart sap to make the parameters effective. There is a parameter file in usr/sap/P34/SYS/profile. You can back up the parameter file before changing the parameters. The specific command is as follows cp xxx yyy. When restoring the parameter file, you only need to copy the backup parameter file back to the original parameter file name. That's it. The yyy here includes: DEFAULT.PFL P34_DVEBMGS00_p34dbsvc P34_D01_p34apsvc START_D01_p34apsvc START_DVEBMGS00_p34dbsvc
The file owners in the ls -l system are as follows:
-rwxrwxr-x 1 p34adm sapsys 2919 Sep 26 10:09 DEFAULT.BAK
-rwxrwxr-x 1 p34adm sapsys 2919 Sep 26 14:03 DEFAULT.PFL
-rwxrwxr-x 1 root system 466 Aug 08 15:55 DEFAULT.PFL.0
-rwxrwxr-x 1 p34adm sapsys 8940 Sep 26 12:29 P34_D01_p34apsvc
-rwxrwxr-x 1 p34adm sapsys 8940 Sep 26 09:56 P34_D01_p34apsvc.BAK
-rwxrwxr-x 1 p34adm sapsys 1013 Aug 08 15:55 P34_D01_p34apsvc.bak
-rwxrwxr-x 1 p34adm sapsys 5304 Sep 26 14:02 P34_DVEBMGS00_p34dbsvc
-rwxrwxr-x 1 p34adm sapsys 5014 Sep 26 09:45 P34_DVEBMGS00_p34dbsvc.
BAK
-rwxrwxr-x 1 p34adm sapsys 1891 Sep 01 12:47 START_D01_p34apsvc
-rwxrwxr-x 1 p34adm sapsys 2669 Sep 01 12:47 START_DVEBMGS00_p34dbsv
c
p34db:p34adm> cd ..
p34db:p34adm> ls
exe gen global profile profile.bck src (the red one is the full backup of the profile, the blue one is useless, it is brought over from the original d00 system, the uppercase bak file is automatically backed up by the system, but it only retains the last one Save the previous results, so do not save multiple times after modifying the parameters. Change all the changes and save them all at once. When restoring the parameters, you must log in as the p34adm user to avoid the file owner changing and causing sap to fail to start.) Use cp –R profile .bck.2005.9.27 profile (restore the parameter file)
st04 view the database log (go to ------ database log)
oracle/P34/saparch to see the arch file
sm13 checks whether the update is valid, just look at the words "update is valid" in the middle
sm12 checks the locked entry and can be used to unlock it. For example, if the user locks the entry and disconnects from the network, and other people cannot use it, it needs to be unlocked.
st03n can view some system information. Anything ending with "n" is a transaction code developed by SAP later. It is used to analyze some system information of SAP and check whether the response time exceeds 2000ms. If it exceeds, other means need to be used for analysis. Why is it so slow? For example, sm37 looks at background jobs, sm50 looks at processes, sapdba or db02 looks at whether the tablespace is full. If you use db02, you need to refresh it, otherwise it may not be real-time data, but sapdba is real-time data. Sm21 looks at the system log, st22 looks at dump.
Sm19 track users Sm20 view users' detailed actions Stat roughly view users' actions
data import
Use scat for data import:
When the system is launched or tested, a large amount of master data needs to be imported. There are many ways to import large amounts of data in batches in SAP, here is the method of using scat to import data. The following uses the import of statistical indicator data as an example for detailed description.
Use the scat transaction code to enter the computer aided testing tool screen, and create a new test item in the test situation column. The name of the test item should start with z, such as ztest. After entering the name, press the leftmost "TCD" button on the toolbar to start recording the transaction. First, enter the transaction code kk01 to be recorded in the pop-up window, and press Enter to enter the statistical indicator maintenance interface. Next, enter the statistical indicator code, statistical indicator name, and measurement unit according to the operation of maintaining statistical indicators. Finally, press Save to complete the transaction record and return to the scat transaction interface.
Press Save on the scat transaction interface, and the interface for selecting the development class will pop up. Select "Local Object" to complete the creation of the ztest test project. Return to the initial screen of scat, and at this point, there should be a test project you just created in the list of test events. Select it, press the "Change" button on the toolbar, then double-click the kk01 item in the menu, and then double-click the "SAPLOKSK" item. At this time, the input statistical indicator coding window will open, and the cursor will stay in the coding column, and then click The "insert import parameter" button on the toolbar creates a &STAGR parameter. Then press the next page on the toolbar to make the current mark stay at In the name column, as above, click the "insert import parameter" button on the toolbar to create &BEZEI parameters. Then the cursor will automatically move to the meter column, and similarly, the &MSEHI parameter will be generated. Press the Back button to return to the previous screen, then press Save to complete the parameter creation. Return to the initial screen, with the ztest test project selected, select "Go" - "Variation" - "Output Default" in the menu to generate a ztest.txt file. Open the ztest.txt file, the content is as follows: [variable identification] [variant text]STAGRBEZEIMSEHI
·-->Parameter texts statistical indicator name statistical key number unit
·-->Default value Y02y02H
·*** Changes to the default values displayed above not effective
After adding the data to be imported, the format is as follows:
[variable identifier][variant text]STAGRBEZEIMSEHI
-->Parameter texts statistical indicator name statistical key number unit
-->Default value Y02y02H
*** Changes to the default values displayed above not effective
Y03y03H
Y04y04H
Y03 and Y04 are statistical indicators that need to be imported. All spaces in the file are separated by tabs. After sorting out the format of the imported data, you can import the data. Enter the scat transaction, run the ztest test project, select "from outside the file" for the variant, and select the organized ztest.txt file. You can choose "frontend" or "backend" as the processing method. It is best to choose the frontend method for the first time, which makes debugging easier. Finally, press the Run button on the toolbar.
1.4. When I apply for the LICENSE KEY in the service for the R3 License, it says that I don’t have enough permissions (if I use the UID of the certification consultant). I have the R/3 DELIVERY NOTE (that comes with the installation system), which has INSTALL NUMBER and CUSTOM/ORDER/DELIVERY NO, etc. which are useful. Who else generally has such authority? You can see who has this authority TAILEI in ADMINSTRATOR. Where can I see ADMINSTRATOR? How is ADMINSTRATOR generally authorized? Doesn’t it come with the installation software?
no. Your authorization is not valid for any installation of your company. Please contact your administrator. When you encounter this message https://websmp102./LICENSEKEY, go in and click System Administrator in your company. Then you will know who is the administrator.
